otto iv, holy roman emperor

Otto refused, and as the civil war was again about to recommence, Philip was murdered on June 21, 1208. This defeat allowed Frederick to take Aachen and Cologne, as Otto was forced again to withdraw to his private possessions around Brunswick, and he was forced to abdicate the imperial throne in 1215. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. A member of the Welf dynasty, Otto was a son of Henry the Lion of Brunswick and Matilda, daughter of Henry II of England. Biography. Travelling down via Verona, Modena, and Bologna, he eventually arrived at Milan where he received the Iron Crown of Lombardy and the title of King of Italy in 1208. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Ott… Quite the same Wikipedia. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Otto I was the Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. Historian Kantorowicz described the death as gruesome: "deposed, dethroned, he was flung full length on the ground by the Abbot, confessing his sins, while the reluctant priests beat him bloodily to death. The pope recognized Otto again after the king reaffirmed the papacy’s claims in central Italy. He then demanded that Frederick of Sicily do homage for the duchies of Calabria and Apulia, and when Frederick refused to appear, Otto declared those fiefs forfeited. Otto returned to Germany to deal with the situation, hopeful to salvage something from the looming disaster. It was not until John, who had been disappointed in his hope for an easy victory after being driven from Roche-au-Moine and had retreated to his transports that the Imperial Army, with Otto at its head, assembled in the Low Countries. Parallel to this, the German nobility by this time were growing ever more frustrated with Otto. Those princes opposed to the Staufen dynasty also decided, … But Philip achieved a great deal of success in the civil war that followed, allowing him in 1204 to be again crowned king, this time by the archbishop of Cologne. He was met at Viterbo by Pope Innocent and was taken to St. Peter's Basilica, where he was crowned emperor by Pope Innocent on October 21, 1209, before rioting broke out in Rome, forcing Otto to abandon the city. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The reign of Constantine established a precedent for the position of the Christian emperor in the Church. Otto was the third son of Henry the Lion, Duke of Bavaria and Duke of Saxony, by his wife and Matilda of England, the eldest daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Otto IV, 1175?–1218, Holy Roman emperor (1209–15) and German king, son of Henry the Lion Henry the Lion, 1129–95, duke of Saxony (1142–80) and of Bavaria (1156–80); son of Henry the Proud. und Papst Innocenz III. Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor, ca. Membership: Holy Roman Empire Association, Charter of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Heraldic Council of the Holy Roman Empire, Court of Nobility of the Holy Roman Empire, Council of the Holy Roman Empire Association, Free Imperial Cities of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial immediacy of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Household of the Holy Roman Emperor, Powers and Titles of the Holy Roman Emperor, Order of the Ancient Nobility of the Four Emperors, Order of the Defeated Dragon - Ordo Draconum, Association of the Counts Arundell of Wardour, Jesus Christ - Jesus of Nazareth - Son of God, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Wittelsbach, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII of Luxemburg, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. Just better. The papacy meanwhile, under Innocent III, determined to prevent the continued unification of Sicily and the Holy Roman Empire under one monarch seized the opportunity to extend its influence. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Otto IV (1175 – May 19, 1218) was one of two rival kings of Germany from 1198 on, sole king from 1208 on, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until he was forced to abdicate in 1215. Duke of Saxony, (auf deutsch "Herzog von Sachsen") Reign 2. Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor. The anly king o the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath o Pape Innocent III an wis excommunicated in 1215. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. In alliance with his uncle, King John of England, Otto then invaded France, which supported Frederick. Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor synonyms, Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor pronunciation, Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor translation, English dictionary definition of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor. Not content with his successes so far, Innocent also obtained from Otto further written concessions to the Papal See, including to allow all elections of German bishops to be conducted according to Church ordinances, and not to prevent any appeals to Rome. Otto IV, also called Otto of Brunswick, German Otto von Braunschweig, (born c. 1175/82—died May 19, 1218, Harzburg Castle, Lower Saxony [Germany]), German king and Holy Roman emperor, candidate of the German anti-Hohenstaufen faction, who, after struggling against two Hohenstaufen kings, was finally deposed. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Frederick II of Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor 1220–1250 King of the Romans 1212–1220. He then participated in the war against Philip II of France on the side of Richard. In October he returned to Poitou. The authenticity (or authority) of this grant was doubted by the vassals of Yorkshire, who prevented Otto taking possession of his earldom. He found most of the German princes and bishops had turned against him, and that Frederick, who had made his way up the Italian peninsula, had avoided Otto’s men who were guarding the passes through the Alps and had arrived at Constance. After inheriting the kingdom after his father’s death in 936, he began uniting the German tribes into a single kingdom. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. At the same time, Innocent encouraged the cities in Tuscany to form a league, called the League of San Genesio, against imperial interests in Italy, and they placed themselves under Innocent’s protection. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Otto's elder brother, Henry, was on a crusade at the time, and so the choice fell to Otto. Deutsch: Otto IV. n ?1175–1218. war Kaiser des Heiligen Römischen Reichs (1209-1218). Otto was related to every other King of Germany. It is said that Philip II had sent to Frederick the imperial eagle which Otto had left lying on the battlefield. In 1195, Richard began negotiations to marry Otto to Margaret, daughter and heir presumptive of King William the Lion of Scotland. He was the eldest son of Henry I the Fowler. Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was one of two rival kings of Germany from 1198 on, sole king from 1208 on, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until he was forced to abdicate in 1215. 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